Survey of English Place-Names

Historical Forms

• Burc 1174 Fantosme 1200 P 1204 Pat 1398

• Burk 1204 NB

• Burgus, Burgum, Burgo (Latinised forms) 1198,1199,1201 P 1204 Weth 1241 Pat 1247 P 1248 Weth 1272 Misc

• -inferiori, -superiori 1200 P

• -sub Mora 1238 Weth 1291 Tax 1319 Carliol

• -sub(tus) Stain-, Stayn(e)-, Steynmor(e) 1256 Ass1 1278 1279 1292 QW 1362 TestKarl

• -sub Steynesmor 1281 AD

• Burg' 1197–1202 P 1244 Pat 1256 Ass

• Burg' under Stayn, Burg' subtus Stayn, Steynmor 1283 Ipm 1300 Carliol

• Burg' sub Mora 1296 ib

• Burgh' 1228 Pat 1275 Abbr 1291,1340 Pap 1671 Fleming

• -under-, -onder-, subtus Stain(e)-, Stayn(e)mor(e) 1292 Ipm 1299 Pap 1303

• etfreq 1559 PR

• -under -subtus Steynes-, -Stayn(n)esmor(e) 1315,1327 Ipm 1332 Carliol 1332 Pat 1338 Cl 1345 Fine 1462 Pat

• -on, -under Stanemore c.1540 Leland 1703 NicVisit

• -under, -on Stanesmo(o)re 1546 Rent 1577 Harrison

• Ou'- Nethirburgh 1425 BrStAcct

• Over- 1602 FF

• Burgh Over, -Nether 1739 NB

• Bur 1325–50 M

• Brough(e) 1594 PR 1650 Ct 1777 M

• Nether-, Over- Hy8 Rent

• Brough(e) under Staynmore 1594 NCWills

• Far- 1673 PR

• Bourgh(e) 1619,1620 PR

• Bourgh(e) subf Stainismoore 1640 FF

Etymology

v. burh 'fortification'. The name refers to the Roman fort of Verterae (infra ), which was later the site of the medieval castle; a description of the Roman fort is in RCHM 47–8. Brough consists of two parts; one is Market Brough (infra ), now the main part of the town on the north side of Swindale Beck; through this part the Roman road (Road I, i, 19 supra ) passes. This part was also called Superior or Over . The other and now smaller part on the south side of Swindale Beck was formerly called inferior or Nether and now Church Brough (infra ), and here in a dominating position are the remains of the Roman fort and medieval castle (Brough Castle infra ), as well as the parish church. For the common affix v. Stainmore (ii, 71infra ).