Survey of English Place-Names

Historical Forms

• to halhagan, into Hallinga homme, to Heallinga weallan 816 BCS356 11th

• Hallinga, Halling(e), Hallyng(e) c.1050 WinchLB 1086 DB 1202–1464 WinchLB 1221 Ass 1227 FF 1287 QW 1633 Inq

• Hallinges, Hallynges c.1162–1424 WinchLB 1174 France 1221 Ass 1252 Ch 1293 Episc

• Hawling(e), Hawlyng(e) 1535 VE 1540 MinAcct 1688 PR

Etymology

The OE charter is a careless copy in which the forms of the names of Hawling and Hallow (Wo 129) are confused. The charter is headed Halhegan and in the third set of bounds which describe Hallow that place is called Hallegan (and these are correct forms for Hallow), but in the text of the charter Hallow is called Heallingan (which is incorrect, since it is the proper form of Hawling); similarly Hawling is correctly named in Hallinga homme and Heallinga weallan in the first set of bounds, but at the beginning of the bounds it is incorrectly called Halhagan (that this set of bounds belongs to Hawling is proved by Turkdean i, 183supra being amongst them); the problems presented by this document and the identification of the bounds have been very carefully worked out by Dr Finberg (Finb pp. 184–96), who has removed much of the confusion in Grundy's conclusions (Grundy 132–41). Careless copying also results in various lands belonging to Hallow being wrongly placed on the west of the Severn; why this copyist should have brought the lists of bounds for the woodland and open fields of Hawling into a document relating to Hallow is not clear. It is possible that it was simply a confusion of the two names, but it is also possible that Hawling was amongst the dependent villulae of Hallow, though no direct evidence exists for this, except perhaps the presence of the Hawling survey in the Worcester archives (cf. Finb 194). Lapworth (Wa) 20 miles away was also a dependent estate of Hallow. The name Hawling could therefore mean 'the folk from or dependent on Hallow'; on this well-established use of -ingas in folk-names formed from elliptical forms of p.ns. v. EPN i, 300§ 4, 302 § (d ). Hallow itself means 'enclosure(s) on the nook of land', v. halh , haga ; it is formally possible that Hallingas in the G1 context simply means 'men of the halh or nook of land' and Hallingas in the Wo context denoted 'the folk actually dwelling at Hallow' (which would account for the confusion, as pointed out by Dr Finberg), but it is perhaps doubtful whether such folk-name formations from p.ns. are used of the parent settlement, which this implies, though Twyning (71infra ) may be a parallel -ingas formation.